Published Date: 2020-04-01 16:59:05
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - Libya: (TR) sheep, st A, OIE
Archive Number: 20200401.7168461
FOOT & MOUTH DISEASE - LIBYA: (TRIPOLI) SHEEP, SEROTYPE A, OIE
A ProMED-mail post http://www.promedmail.org
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Date: Tue 31 Mar 2020
Source: OIE, WAHIS (World Animal Health Information System), weekly disease information 2020; 33(14) [edited]
https://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=33808
Foot and mouth disease (FMD), Libya
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Information received on [and dated] 31 Mar 2020 from Dr Zakaria Mohamed Mustafa Elkhatal, director general, National Centre for Animal Health (NCAH), Ministry of Agriculture, Animal & Marine Wealth, Tripoli, Libya
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 11 Feb 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 15 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 12 Jun 2019
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: foot and mouth disease virus
Serotype: A
Nature of diagnosis: laboratory (basic)
This event pertains to the whole country.
New outbreaks (1)
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks: 1
Outbreak location: Northwest, Enjelah, Egfara, Tarabulus [Tripoli]
Date of start of the outbreak: 11 Feb 2020
Outbreak status: Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Total animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Sheep / 450 / 100 / Not available / 0 / 0
Affected population: According to the report received from the local veterinary services, there are cases of deaths of lambs less than one month old in a herd on the farm. The rapid response team went to the area, conducted field investigations, collected samples and took control measures in particular.
Outbreak statistics [rates apparent, expressed in percentage]
Species / Morbidity rate / Mortality rate / Case fatality rate / Proportion susceptible animals lost*
Sheep / 22 / ** / ** / **
*Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction, and/or slaughter
**Not calculated because of missing information
Epidemiology
Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive
Control measures
Measures applied: surveillance within containment and/or protection zone; traceability; quarantine; disinfection; vaccination prohibited; no treatment of affected animals
Measures to be applied: surveillance outside containment and/or protection zone
The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.
[The location of the outbreak can be seen on the interactive map at the source URL above.]
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communicated by:
ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>
[The visualization of Regional FMD Virus Pools, as an aid to the disease's global control, divides the globe into 7 pools, recognized as such by the FAO, OIE and EUFMD. Each pool may include multiple serotypes, but topotypes are mainly confined to that pool; each pool may need tailored vaccines and strategies. The situation in each of the 7 established pools is reviewed on a monthly basis.
EUFMD's most recent available Global Monthly FMD Situation Report, covering December 2019 (see ref 1), included in its Highlights section, authored by Don King (head, Vesicular Disease Reference Laboratory Group & WRLFMD), the following statement: "Continued outbreaks of O/EA-3 (2018/19) in North Africa (Libya and Morocco) following on from cases due to A/AFRICA/G-IV during 2017. There are now 2 distinct viral lineages responsible for the cases detected in North West Africa (Maghreb) and North East Africa (Egypt)."
Libya belongs to the FAO's Pool 3 - North Africa, which includes 5 countries: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia.
According to the data included in Table 16 of the December 2019 Global Report, titled Conjectured circulating FMD viral lineages in each country of Pool 3 - North Africa (current to December 2019), Libya's last FMD outbreak was reported in June 2019, caused by FMDV O/EA-3. FMDV serotype A has been reported, within the pool, in recent years in Algeria (November 2016), Egypt (February 2018), and Tunisia (April 2017). The presumed viral lineage was, in all 3 countries, A/Africa (ref 1).
Genotyping results are anticipated with interest. In the past, introduction of livestock from Sudan was suspected as the source of infection.
Additional information on FMD in Libya is available in ref 2.
References
1. FAO/EuFMD. 2020. Global monthly report. Foot-and-mouth disease situation - December 2019. Rome, FAO. http://www.fao.org/3/ca7678en/ca7678en.pdf
2. Eldaghayes I, Dayhum A, Kammon A, et al. Exploiting serological data to understand the epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes circulating in Libya. Open Vet J. 2017; 7(1): 1-11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5283054/
- Mod.AS
HealthMap/ProMED-mail map of Tripoli District, Libya: http://healthmap.org/promed/p/25713.]
