Israel: (Hazafon) cattle, goat, st O, OIE

Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 1 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 4 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 9 Sep 2019
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Foot and mouth disease virus
Serotype: O [Note: the serotype was identified as FMD-O, see Follow-up report no. 1 on 6 Jan 2021 at https://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?reportid=37451]
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory (advanced)
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.

New outbreaks (2)
Outbreak location 1: Elon, Acco, Hazafon
Date of start of the outbreak: 1 Jan 2021
Outbreak status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: farm
Affected animals:
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Cattle / 1150 / 13 / 0 / 0 / 0
Affected population: milking herd. The herd contains 650 cows and 500 heifers. The clinical [signs] that were seen are: drop in milk, lesions on the mucosa of the mouth, including the tongue and salivation. No fever or lesion on the hoof were seen. The adults in the herd had been vaccinated in January 2020, and the new heifers were vaccinated every 2 months. All the herd was vaccinated immediately following this outbreak. Wild boars are often seen near the farm.

Outbreak location 2: Kefar Rozenwald (Zarit), Acco, Hazafon [Northern District]
Date of start of the outbreak: 2 Jan 2021
Outbreak status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: farm
Affected animals:
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Goats / 1490 / 150 / 50 / 0 / 0
Affected population: the herd is a milking herd of goats. It contains 1000 dams, 200 young goats in their 1st pregnancy, 40 males, and 250 kids. On [3 Jan 2021] 10 kids died with no [clinical signs]. On [4 Jan 2021] 13 additional kids died. To date of [5 Jan 2021], 50 kids died. About 10 [percent] of the adults, showed limping. No lesions have been seen around the hoofs. The herd has been vaccinated lately in March 2020 and immediately after the beginning of this outbreak.

Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks: 2
Total animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Cattle / 1150 / 13 / 0 / 0 / 0
Goats / 1490 / 150 / 50 / 0 / 0

Outbreak statistics [rates apparent, expressed in percentages]
Species / Morbidity rate / Mortality rate / Case fatality rate / Proportion susceptible animals lost*
Cattle / 1.13 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
Goats / 10.07 / 3.36 / 33.33 / 3.36
*Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction, and/or slaughter

Epidemiology
Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive, contact with wild species

Control measures
Measures applied: movement control inside the country; quarantine; zoning; process to inactivate the pathogenic agent in products or by-products; ante and post-mortem inspections; no treatment of affected animals
Vaccination in response to the outbreak(s)
Administration division / Species / Total vaccinated / Details
Hazafon / Cattle / 1150
Hazafon / Goats / 1440

Measures to be applied: surveillance outside containment and/or protection zone; surveillance within containment and/or protection zone

Diagnostic test results:
Laboratory name and type: Kimron Veterinary Institute, FMD Laboratory (National laboratory)

Species / Test / Test date / Result
Cattle / antigen (Ag) detection ELISA / 4 Jan 2021 / Positive
Cattle / nucleotide sequencing / - / Pending
Cattle / real-time reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR)/ 4 Jan 2021 / Positive
Goats / antigen (Ag) detection ELISA / 4 Jan 2021 / Positive
Goats / nucleotide sequencing / - / Pending
Goats / real-time reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR) / 4 Jan 2021 / Positive

The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.