Published Date: 2017-06-20 16:00:25
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - Myanmar: (RA) st Asia 1, bovine, OIE
Archive Number: 20170620.5115684
FOOT & MOUTH DISEASE - MYANMAR: (RAKHINE) SEROTYPE ASIA 1, BOVINE, OIE
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Date: Fri 16 Jun 2017
Source: OIE, WAHID (World Animal Health Information Database), weekly disease information 2017; 30(25) [edited] http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=24092
Information received on [and dated] 16 Jun 2017 from Dr Ye Tun Win, Chief Veterinary Officer Director General, Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
Summary
Report type: immediate notification (final report)
Date of start of the event: 15 Jan 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 12 Jun 2017
Date event resolved: 6 Feb 2017
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 2001
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: foot and mouth disease virus
Serotype: Asia 1
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory (basic and advanced)
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks (1)
Summary of outbreaks:
Total outbreaks: 1
Outbreak 1: Saparhtar, Kyaukphyu, Rakhine State
Date of start of the outbreak: 15 Jan 2017
Outbreak status: resolved on 6 Feb 2017
Epidemiological unit: village
Affected animals:
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Destroyed / Slaughtered
Cattle / 1559 / 59 / 0 / 0 / 0
Affected population: Local species
Outbreak statistics [rates apparent, expressed as percentages]
Species / Morbidity rate / Mortality rate / Case fatality rate / Proportion susceptible animals lost*
Cattle / 3.78 / 0 / 0 / 0
*Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction, and/or slaughter
Epidemiology
Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive
Epidemiological comments: Contact with infected neighbouring species at grazing point. According to OIE reference Laboratory, Pirbright Institute, UK: serotype is Asia 1, topotype is ASIA and lineage is G-VIII. Note from the WAHIAD: the date of last occurrence corresponds to the serotype.
Control measures
Measures applied: movement control inside the country; vaccination in response to the outbreak (s); quarantine; disinfection; no treatment of affected animals
Measures to be applied: zoning
Diagnostic test results
Laboratory name and type / Species / Test / Test date / Result
Foot and mouth disease laboratory (National laboratory) / Cattle / enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) / 23 Feb 2017 / Positive
Pirbright Institute (OIE Reference Laboratory) / Cattle / gene sequencing / 12 Jun 2017 / Positive
Future reporting
The event is resolved. No more reports will be submitted.
[The location of the outbreak can be seen on the interactive map included in the OIE report at the source URL above.]
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[FMD is endemic in Myanmar, according to the Myanmar page on the WRLFMD (World Reference Laboratory for Foot-and-Mouth Disease) website http://www.wrlfmd.org/fmd_genotyping/asia/mya.htm, last updated in 2017, the following serotypes have been recorded there throughout the years:
FMDV-O: 1956-1958, 1971, 1977-1978, 1982, 1989, 1996, 1998-2011, 2015-2017
FMDV-A: 1971, 1978, 2010, 2015
FMDV-Asia 1: 1958, 1971, 1977-1978, 1982, 1989, 1991, 1997, 2000-2001, 2005, 2017. - Mod CRD
Subscribers are referred to the following comments on Myanmar (Pool 1), as published in the last (April 2017) monthly FAO/EC/EUFMD "Global Foot-and-Mouth Disease Situation" report:
"The analysis conducted by the WRLFMD on the VP1 sequence data submitted by the OIE Regional Reference Laboratory for FMD in Southeast Asia, Thailand relative to 13 FMDV field isolates collected in April 2017 in Myanmar, confirmed the circulation of Asia 1/ASIA/GVIII, O/ME-SA/Ind2001d and O/SEA/Mya-98 in this country.
"The detection of Asia 1 in a field sample relative to 2017, denotes the re-emergence of the serotype in this area, after its last detection in 2006 in Vietnam and 2009 in China (People's Rep. of) and it's most recent report in 2016 by Cambodia in WAHIS. The most closely related field virus not pertaining to the country is represented by BAN GA Sr-187 2013, with a seq id of 97.6 percent. This virus was isolated in cattle in Bangladesh, country that belongs to Pool 2".
Notably, the guest editor of the April monthly report, Dr Mark Bronsvoort (Roslin Institute and Royal -Dick- School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, UK) commented: "The re-emergence of Asia1 in this region is of concern after several years of not being reported. Given its closeness to an isolate from neighbouring Bangladesh from 2013, it raises many questions about where [whether?] this virus has been circulating undetected in the region or if this represents vaccine escape".
The reported absence of clinical cases in the sampled cattle farm is in line with Dr Bronsvoort's remark, indicating the need to exclude vaccine-sourced virus.
Subscribers are encouraged to access the report, which includes additional information and maps, at
http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/eufmd/docs/FMD_monthly_reports/2017/April_2017_Finaldocx.pdf. - Mod.AS
A HealthMap/ProMED-mail map can be accessed at: http://healthmap.org/promed/p/6638.]
