Published Date: 2018-10-18 13:58:41
Subject: PRO/AH> Foot & mouth disease - Algeria (07): bovine, spread, OIE
Archive Number: 20181018.6098031
FOOT & MOUTH DISEASE - ALGERIA (07): BOVINE, SPREAD, OIE
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Date: Wed 17 Oct 2018
Source: OIE, WAHID weekly disease information 2018; 31(42) [edited]
http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=28161
Foot-and-mouth disease, Algeria
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Information received [and dated] 17 Oct 2018 from Dr. Hachimi Karim Kaddour, Director of Veterinary Services (CVO), Veterinary Services Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Fisheries, Algiers, Algeria
Type of report: Follow-up report 4
Date of start of the event: 20 Jun 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 22 Jun 2018
Reason for notification: Recurrence of listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 3 May 2015
Manifestation of the disease: Clinical disease
Causal Agent: Foot and mouth disease virus
Serotype: O
Nature of diagnosis: Clinical, laboratory advanced
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks (11)
Outbreak 1: Chlef, Chlef
Date of Start of the outbreak: 11 Jul 2018
Status of the outbreak: Resolved (31 Jul 2018)
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed or disposed of / Slaughtered
Cattle / 17 / 8 / 0 / 0 / 17
Outbreak 2: Maghnia, Tlemcen
Start date of the outbreak: 23 Jul 2018
Status of the outbreak: Resolved (13 Aug 2018)
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed or disposed / Slaughtered
Cattle / 9 / 3 / 0 / 0 / 9
Outbreak 3: Tlemcen, Tlemcen
Start date of the outbreak: 23 Jul 2018
Status of the outbreak: Resolved (12 Aug 2018)
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed or disposed / Slaughtered
Cattle / 15 / 3 / 3 / 0 / 12
Outbreak 4: Chetouane, Tlemcen
Date of start of the outbreak: 26 Jul 2018
Status of the outbreak: Resolved (14 Aug 2018)
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed or disposed / Slaughtered
Cattle / 2 / 2 / 1 / 0 /1
Outbreak 5: Sidi Rached, Ahmar El Ain, Tipaza
Date of start of the outbreak: 30 Jul 2018
Status of the outbreak: Resolved (19 Aug 2018)
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed or disposed / Slaughtered
Cattle / 9 / 5 / 0 / 0 / 9
Outbreak 6: Rabta, El hamadia, Bordj Bou Arreridj
Date of start of the outbreak: 20 Aug 2018
Status of the outbreak: Resolved (9 Sep 2018)
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed or disposed / Slaughtered
Cattle / 6 / 2 / 0 / 0 / 6
Outbreak 7: Tizi Ouzou, Tizi Ouzou
Date of start of the outbreak: 24 Aug 2018
Status of the outbreak: Resolved (13 Sept 2018)
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed or disposed / Slaughtered
Cattle / 6 / 3 / 0 / 0 / 6
Outbreak 8: Azazga, Tizi Ouzou
Date of start of the outbreak: 28 Aug 2018
Status of the outbreak: Resolved (17 Sep 2018)
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed or disposed / Slaughtered
Cattle / 3 / 3 / 1 / 0 / 2
Outbreak 9: Bir Touta, Alger
Date of start of the outbreak: 1 Sep 2018
Outbreak status: The outbreak continues (or closing date not provided)
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed or disposed / Slaughtered
Cattle / 11 / 1 1 / 1 / 0 / 10
Outbreak 10: Tessalat El Merdja, Bir Touta, Alger
Date of start of the outbreak: 19 Sep 2018
Outbreak status: The outbreak continues (or closing date not provided)
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed or disposed / Slaughtered
Cattle / 14 / 14 / 0 / 0 / 14
Outbreak 11: Sidi Naamane, Draa Ben Khedda, Tizi Ouzou
Date of start of the outbreak: 19 Sep 2018
Outbreak status: The outbreak continues (or closing date not provided)
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed or disposed / Slaughtered
Cattle / 5 / 5 / 0 / 0 / 5
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks: 11
Total number of animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed or disposed of / Slaughtered
Cattle / 97 / 59 / 6 / 0 / 91
Outbreak statistics [rates apparent, in percentages]
Species(s) / Morbidity rate/ Mortality rate/ Case fatality rate / Proportion of susceptible animals lost*
Cattle / 60.82 / 6.19 / 10.17 / 100.00
*Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter
Epidemiology
Source of the outbreak (s) or origin of the infection: Unknown or uncertain
Control measures
Control measures applied: Movement control inside the country; surveillance outside containment and/or protection zone; surveillance within containment and/or protection zone; selective killing and disposal; disinfection; slaughter; vaccination permitted; no treatment of affected animals
Measures to be applied: No other measures
Future reporting:
The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.
[The location of the outbreak can be seen on the interactive map at the source URL above.]
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[Summaries of the Algerian foot and mouth disease (FMD) event since its reported start of 20 Jun 2018, including a map with all reported outbreaks, are available at:
http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review/viewsummary?fupser=&dothis=&reportid=27085 and http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/temp/reports/en_fup_0000028161_20181017_151120.pdf. In the latter, the following data are presented:
Outbreak summary:
Total outbreaks: 53 (submitted)
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Cattle / 534 / 392 / 12 / 58 / 451
Data from other species (sheep, goats) have not become available. This may be due to absence of disease or deficient surveillance. The current, 4th follow-up report from Algeria adds outbreaks that had taken place earlier during the event and were not included in previous follow-up reports; this includes 3 outbreaks in the western province of Tlemcen, bordering Morocco, which had taken place in July/August 2018. Such spread is obviously of concern to Morocco. In 2016, an epizootic caused by another topotype of FMD virus serotype O engulfed all 3 Maghreb countries when eventually it entered Morocco from its eastern neighbour Algeria.
The virus strain currently circulating in Algeria (serotype O, topotype EA3; see 20180805.5947341) is almost identical to the strain causing an epizootic in Guinea. This fact led to the hypothesis that the 2 events can be linked and that they have a common origin in West Africa. From a reliable source, we are informed that FMD outbreaks are recently seen in Mauritania, in herds returning from transhumance from southern neighbouring countries (e.g., Mali and Senegal). The disease spread is from the eastern part of Mauritania toward the west and northwest, where the main dairy production is located. FMD virus serotype O (EA3) is known to be one of the circulating strains.
Notably, in early 2017, FMD virus O topotype EA-3 penetrated, on the eastern side of the Mediterranean, 2 Asian territories: the Gaza strip (PAT) and southern Israel. This spread most probably originated in Egypt, where EA-3 had been circulating for several years. - Mod.AS
HealthMap/ProMED-mail map:
Algeria: http://healthmap.org/promed/p/67]
