Published Date: 2018-04-10 18:25:19
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - Israel (02): (HZ) bovine, st. O, OIE
Archive Number: 20180410.5737736
FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE - ISRAEL (02): (HAZAFON) BOVINE, SEROTYPE O, OIE
A ProMED-mail post http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the International Society for Infectious Diseases http://www.isid.org
Date: Mon 9 Apr 2018
Source: OIE, WAHID [edited] http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=26394
Foot-and-mouth disease [FMD], Israel
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Information received on 9 Apr 2018 from Dr Shlomo Garazi, Chief Officer for Import and Export of the Veterinary Services, Veterinary Services and Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, BET DAGAN, Israel
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 2 Apr 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 8 Apr 2018
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: June 2017
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Foot and mouth disease virus
Serotype: O
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory (basic and advanced)
This event pertains a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks (1)
Total outbreaks: 1
Outbreak 1 (Gazit): Gazit, Yizreel, Hazafon
Date of start of the outbreak: 2 Apr 2018
Outbreaks status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: other
Total animals affected:
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Cattle / 218 / 50 / 0 / 0 / 0
Affected population: Free ranging beef cattle. The herd contains 4 different groups, while only one of them has been affected. The affected group contains 80 dams, 30 calves and 8 bulls. All the 8 bulls, 2 calves and 40 dams showed clinical symptoms, which are in this case only mouth lesions. No fever, mortality or other foot and mouth disease symptoms have been seen.
Outbreak statistics [rates apparent, expressed as percentages]:
Species / morbidity rate / mortality rate / case fatality rate / proportion susceptible animals lost*
Cattle / 22.94 / 0 / 0 / 0
*Removed from the susceptible population
Epidemiology
Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive
Control measures
Measures applied: movement control inside the country, vaccination in response to the outbreak(s), surveillance outside containment and/or protection zone, surveillance within containment and/or protection zone, quarantine, zoning, no treatment of affected animals;
Measures to be applied: no other measures
Diagnostic test results
Laboratory name and type: Kimron Veterinary Institute [KVI], FMD laboratory (national laboratory)
Species / Test / Test date / Result
Cattle / enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) / 9 Apr 2018 / positive
Cattle / pathogen isolation on cell culture / 8 Apr 2018 / positive
Cattle / real-time PCR / 8 Apr 2018 / positive
Future reporting
The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.
[The location of this outbreak can be seen on the interactive map included in the OIE report at the source URL above.]
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[This immediate notification complements the information recently published in ProMED-mail posting 20180406.5729230. - Mod.CRD]
[Since the start of 2017, FMDV O/EA-3, an East-African virus strain, has caused at least 8 outbreaks in the territories administered by the Palestinian Authority (PA), of which 2 were in the Gaza strip (cattle, February 2017) and 6 in the West Bank (sheep and goats, May, June, December 2017). It also caused 2 outbreaks in cattle in Israel, the 1st one in a large dairy operation of Kibbutz Nir-Yitzhak, adjacent to the Gaza strip, February 2017 (map at https://goo.gl/maps/toXCLdq7gR32); the 2nd, June 2017, in a beef cattle herd in Ain al Sahila (Basma), central Israel, close to the northern demarcation line of the West Bank, about 33 km southwest of the current outbreak in Gazit (map at https://goo.gl/maps/egMJriCon7C2). Genotyping by the WRLFMD showed full similarity between the strains from the Gaza strip, the West bank and the 2 2017 outbreaks in Israel. The genotyping results from the West Bank are available at http://www.wrlfmd.org/fmd_genotyping/2018/WRLFMD-2018-00004-Palestinian-AT-O-approved.pdf. The recent genotyping results from Israel (Ain al-Sahila) are available at http://www.wrlfmd.org/fmd_genotyping/2018/WRLFMD-2018-00003-Israel-O-approved.pdf.
The same genetic similarity to the current strain from Gazit is likely but yet to be established.
It has been stated that additional information on the EA-3 strains from PA and Israel are expected to be published in the March 2018 issue of the Monthly Global FMD Situation Report of FAO/EUFMD. It remains to be seen whether this will include information on the matching rate between the regionally applied vaccine strains and the circulating EA-3 field strain. Such information is also of significance to the adjacent Kingdom of Jordan.
The vaccine strains included in the vaccines applied nationwide for the compulsory periodical vaccination of cattle, sheep, and goats in Israel (2017/2018) were specified in an official circular dated 18 Sep 2017, available at http://www.moag.gov.il/vet/Yechidot/mispo/pirsumim/2017/Documents/hisun%202017-8.pdf (although the explanatory text is Hebrew, the vaccine strains, serotypes O, A and Asia1, can be deciphered, in English).
FMDV O/EA-3 is known to be endemic in Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, and Sudan. This virus has been circulating in Egypt at least since 2012. According to media reports, the disease was introduced into the Gaza strip in early 2017, from Egypt, by illegally imported livestock through tunnels between Sinai and the Gaza strip (see 20170316.4903671). - Mod.AS
HealthMap/ProMED-mail map:
Hazafon, Israel: http://healthmap.org/promed/p/1759]
